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arXiv · 2605.14573

Black-hole formation and thermalization in open JT gravity

Ryo Adachi·Rumi Hasegawa·Takanori Ishii·Daichi Takeda
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Abstract

Black-hole formation is expected, via holography, to correspond to thermalization in the boundary theory. For open quantum systems, an initial pure state generically evolves into a mixed state irreversibly, suggesting that horizon formation in the bulk should arise. In this paper, we extend the holographic Lindblad prescription to a non-Markovian setting and apply it to JT gravity coupled to a scalar field. Using numerical simulations in the semiclassical and high-temperature regime, we demonstrate the dynamical formation of black holes.

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Ryo Adachi, Rumi Hasegawa, Takanori Ishii, Daichi Takeda. 2026-05-14. Black-hole formation and thermalization in open JT gravity. https://arxiv.org/abs/2605.14573

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