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arXiv · 2605.17554

Evaluating Deep Research Agents on Expert Consulting Work: A Benchmark with Verifiers, Rubrics, and Cognitive Traps

Tanmay Asthana·Aman Saksena·Divyansh Sahu
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Abstract

Frontier deep research agents (DRAs) are being deployed in enterprise workflows faster than they are being evaluated. Existing benchmarks measure factual recall, single-hop QA, or generic agentic skill, and miss the multi-document, decision-grade deliverables DRAs are asked to produce. We introduce a benchmark of 70 SME-authored management consulting prompts, each embedding cognitive traps that penalize surface-pattern reasoning. Three frontier agents, namely Claude Opus~4.6, OpenAI o3-deep-research and Gemini~3.1~Pro deep-research, are scored on two complementary layers: deterministic binary verifiers (mean 14.9 per task) and a five-criterion 0--3 SME rubric (Data Integrity, Analytical Rigor, Relevance \& Focus, Execution Precision, Format \& Deliverability), combined into a Verifier-Rubric Score (VRS, 0--100). Acceptance under a joint threshold (rubric mean $\geq 2.5$ and verifier pass rate $\geq 80\%$) is uniformly low: o3 15.7\%, Claude 12.9\%, Gemini 12.9\%. Pairwise differences are statistically indistinguishable. On the continuous VRS, o3 leads (61.4~[CI: 55.2,\,67.5]), followed by Gemini (52.6) and Claude (38.5); the o3--Claude gap ($\Delta{=}22.9$, $p{<}0.001$) survives Bonferroni correction. No agent averages above the rubric's ``adequate'' threshold of 2.0; no agent's mean verifier pass rate reaches the 80\% acceptance floor. Each agent fails distinctively: Claude leads on data fabrication and file-access failures; o3 propagates cascading computation errors; Gemini oscillates between the highest perfect-verifier rate and the most catastrophic collapses. The benchmark, evaluation code, and full prompt corpus are publicly released.

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Tanmay Asthana, Aman Saksena, Divyansh Sahu. 2026-05-17. Evaluating Deep Research Agents on Expert Consulting Work: A Benchmark with Verifiers, Rubrics, and Cognitive Traps. https://arxiv.org/abs/2605.17554

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