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arXiv · 2605.18047

FUSE: A Framework for Unified State Estimation in Vehicular and Robotic SLAM Systems

Wei Wu·Honglin Chen·Wenhan Cao·Yao Lyu·Shaobing Xu·Kun Jiang·Jiangtao Li·Tao Zhang·Lei Guo·Shengbo Eben Li
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Abstract

Tightly coupled SLAM formulations under mixed-rate sensing often bind temporal processing, local geometric association, estimator formulation, and map-update policy into method-specific designs. Such binding makes it difficult to vary one design choice without re-engineering the rest of the state-estimation process. This paper presents FUSE, a framework for unified state estimation in vehicular and robotic SLAM systems. FUSE organizes the state-estimation interface around observation ingestion, propagation, update, and state query, and uses this interface to separate temporal processing, residual-ready local geometric association, estimator formulation, and map-update policy. A LiDAR--IMU instantiation is developed to examine the framework under mixed-rate sensing and directional degeneracy, where high-rate inertial propagation, LiDAR-triggered geometric update, residual screening, and degeneracy-aware correction operate through the same interface boundaries. On a 418~m loop-corridor sequence, the instantiation reports a 1.626 m end-to-end trajectory error, corresponding to a 7.9% relative error reduction compared with Faster-LIO, the lowest-error baseline on this sequence. The results support FUSE as a framework for organizing state-estimation design choices and show how the evaluated instantiation regularizes updates along weakly observable directions.

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Wei Wu, Honglin Chen, Wenhan Cao, Yao Lyu, Shaobing Xu, Kun Jiang, Jiangtao Li, Tao Zhang, Lei Guo, Shengbo Eben Li. 2026-05-18. FUSE: A Framework for Unified State Estimation in Vehicular and Robotic SLAM Systems. https://arxiv.org/abs/2605.18047

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