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arXiv · 2605.23671

A Non-Iterative Algorithm for Clearing Two-Layer Energy-Sharing Markets with Voltage Constraints

Tonghua Liu·Yifan Su·Zhaojian Wang·Feng Liu
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Abstract

Real-time hierarchical energy-sharing markets are promising to coordinate large numbers of prosumers. Still, most existing clearing methods rely on linearized or DC power-flow models and do not explicitly handle reactive power or voltage-security constraints. With AC network constraints, the problem becomes a large-scale bilevel Mathematical Program with Equilibrium Constraints (MPEC) that is difficult to solve in real time. This paper develops a non-iterative clearing algorithm for two-layer energy-sharing markets with voltage constraints. We first derive an efficient best-response function for each lower-layer energy-sharing market and reduce the equilibrium search to one dimension by exploiting the pricing-coupling structure. We then embed this function into the upper-layer network-constrained problem and reformulate the bilevel MPEC as a single-level mixed-integer second-order cone program (MISOCP), which is computationally tractable. Case studies on the IEEE 123-bus system with 12,300 prosumers show that the proposed method preserves nodal voltages within prescribed limits and delivers solutions with maximum errors below 0.01\% in 0.829 s.

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Tonghua Liu, Yifan Su, Zhaojian Wang, Feng Liu. 2026-05-22. A Non-Iterative Algorithm for Clearing Two-Layer Energy-Sharing Markets with Voltage Constraints. https://arxiv.org/abs/2605.23671

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