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arXiv · 2605.24374

Radiative MHD Studies of Solar Spicules: Driving Mechanisms and the Role of Background Magnetic Field

Jin Li·Lei Ni·Robertus Erdélyi·Jun Lin·Xiaoli Yan·Guanchong Cheng
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Abstract

We conduct 2.5D radiative magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) simulations to investigate the driving mechanisms of the solar spicules in coronal holes and how the different background magnetic fields affect their formation. The simulation model includes the upper convection zone, photosphere, chromosphere, and lower corona. We run several cases with different background magnetic fields to primarily explore the effects of magnetic field strength and inclination on the characteristics of the formed spicules, such as the maximum height, lifetime, maximum upward velocity, and deceleration. According to the results, we find that a weaker background magnetic field tends to cause solar spicules that exhibit higher heights, longer lifetimes and faster maximum upward velocities. Additionally, when the background magnetic field inclines, the generated spicules incline accordingly; compared with those in a vertical magnetic field, the spicules in the inclined magnetic field are relatively longer, with smaller decelerations, longer lifetimes and lower maximum upward velocities. Meanwhile, by tracking and analyzing the formation processes of the spicules in two cases with different magnetic field strengths, we find that most of the spicules are mainly driven by shock waves induced by convective and turbulent motions around the solar surface, while less than one third of the spicules are primarily driven by high-velocity reconnection outflows. These results provide a more in-depth basis for the theoretical understanding of the driving mechanisms and formation processes of solar spicules.

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Jin Li, Lei Ni, Robertus Erdélyi, Jun Lin, Xiaoli Yan, Guanchong Cheng. 2026-05-23. Radiative MHD Studies of Solar Spicules: Driving Mechanisms and the Role of Background Magnetic Field. https://arxiv.org/abs/2605.24374

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