Fractional short-time dynamics in driven quantum gases

Uri Sharell; Tilman Enss

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arXiv · 2605.28606

Fractional short-time dynamics in driven quantum gases

Uri Sharell·Tilman Enss

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Abstract

Quantum gases with short-range attractive interaction tend to form pairs. For time-dependent interaction we find that the pairing amplitude at small separation satisfies a fractional differential equation (FDE). We derive analytic solutions of the pairing evolution for sudden interaction quenches and power-law drives toward resonant scattering. We observe universal short-time dynamics governed by a nonrelativistic conformal fixed point at which the momentum distribution exhibits self-similar dynamic scaling, in quantitative agreement with experiment. At longer times, many-body effects induce relaxation toward an equilibrium state. In this limit, the FDE turns into a M\"uller-Israel-Stewart type equation that describes a hydrodynamic attractor approaching equilibrium.

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Uri Sharell, Tilman Enss. 2026-05-27. Fractional short-time dynamics in driven quantum gases. https://arxiv.org/abs/2605.28606

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