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arXiv · 2605.29844

Symmetry restoration through chaotic hysteresis in a non-Hermitian optical trimer

Johanne Hizanidis·Konstantinos G. Makris
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Abstract

We investigate symmetry restoration and spatially localized dynamics in a non-Hermitian optical trimer composed of three lossy waveguides with complex-valued couplings. Extending our previous analysis of the system's global bifurcation structure, we adopt a site-resolved perspective in order to uncover how collective nonlinear dynamics emerge and reorganize across the individual waveguides. We show that the transition from asymmetric to symmetric states is mediated by a chaotic hysteretic regime involving the coexistence of asymmetric, periodic-symmetric, and chaotic-symmetric attractors. Within this regime, chaotic dynamics become spatially localized predominantly at the edge waveguides, while the central waveguide retains partial spectral coherence. Following symmetry restoration, the system develops multifrequency dynamics through a spatial period-doubling process, where the middle waveguide oscillates at twice the dominant frequency of the edge sites. These results reveal how Kerr nonlinearity and complex coupling organize symmetry restoration, chaos localization, and frequency differentiation in minimal non-Hermitian photonic lattices.

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Johanne Hizanidis, Konstantinos G. Makris. 2026-05-28. Symmetry restoration through chaotic hysteresis in a non-Hermitian optical trimer. https://arxiv.org/abs/2605.29844

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