From DUNE Sensitivities to UV Models: Implications of Flavour Constraints

Abstract

Future neutrino experiments, in particular DUNE, are expected to probe signals of new physics. These effects can be conveniently parametrized in terms of Wilson coefficients in the LEFT, with direct connection to non-standard interactions at production, propagation and detection in the QFT formalism. We revisit the apparent sensitivity of DUNE to semileptonic electron--tau interactions within the Standard Model Effective Field Theory. We show that the vector combination controlling the $\epsilon_{e\tau}$ NSI is precisely the combination entering $\tau\to e\omega$. Therefore, within the dimension-six vector subspace considered in this work, an operator cancellation that suppresses the tau-decay amplitude also suppresses the corresponding NSI. As a concrete example, we focus on the lepton-flavour-violating semileptonic coefficient $(C^{(1)}_{\ell q,1311})$. We find the bound $8.1\times10^{-3}\,{\rm TeV}^{-2}$ at $90\%$ confidence level, which is one order of magnitude stronger than the DUNE's expected sensitivity. In view of this scenario, we further study one illustrative minimal UV completion, showing that it faces even stronger constraints from other sources, making it very challenging to build UV scenarios with heavy mediators that could produce flavour-changing NSIs observable at DUNE.