COSMOS-Web: A Multi-wavelength Morphological Catalog of ~780,000 Galaxies

Abstract

We present multi-wavelength morphological measurements for all galaxies in the COSMOS-Web survey, i.e., $\sim$780,000 galaxies contained in the COSMOS2025 catalog. We perform both parametric (e.g., single and double S\'ersic modeling) and non-parametric (e.g., Gini-$M_{20}$) morphology analyses in four NIRCam bands, independently. Our parametric fits reveal a strong correlation between galaxy structure and star formation activity up to $z\sim4$, as evidenced by the dependence of the S\'ersic index ($n_{\rm s\'ersic}$) and bulge-to-total ratio ($B/T$) on the position of the star formation rate-stellar mass plane. A tight correlation between $n_{\rm s\'ersic}$ and $B/T$ is observed. The evolution of $n_{\rm s\'ersic}$ and $B/T$ depends on stellar mass; for example, the median $n_{\rm s\'ersic}$ increases from $\sim1$ at $z\sim6$ to $\sim2.5$ at $z\sim2$ for massive galaxies with $M_*>10^{10.5} M_{\odot}$, while lower mass galaxies remain $n_{\rm s\'ersic}\sim1.2$ at all epochs. The UV $n_{\rm s\'ersic}$ values are systematically smaller than those in the optical, although both exhibit similar evolutionary trends. From non-parametric analyses, we demonstrate the distribution of galaxies on the Gini-$M_{20}$ and asymmetry-concentration planes, and find that morphological classifications based on non-parametric indicators are consistent with those derived from the S\'ersic index. The resulting catalog provides the largest and most detailed set of JWST multi-wavelength morphological measurements to date, serving as a valuable community resource for studies of structural transformation, bulge growth, and galaxy-supermassive black hole coevolution across cosmic time.