Effects of permeability on hindered settling of porous particles

Alexander Metelkin; Bernhard Vowinckel

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arXiv · 2606.15182

Effects of permeability on hindered settling of porous particles

Alexander Metelkin·Bernhard Vowinckel

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Abstract

We investigate the settling behavior of suspensions of highly porous and permeable particles in the viscous regime using particle-resolved direct numerical simulations (DNS). The simulations employ a coupled Euler-Lagrange framework that accounts for particle permeability. The results show that the settling behavior of permeable particles follows the classical power-law relationship of Richardson-Zaki in terms of their settling velocity, but particles with higher permeability settle faster as the particle volume fraction increases. At a particle volume fraction of 30 percent, the difference in settling speed is up to 106 percent between the least and most permeable particles investigated in this study. We explain this effect by the alteration of counter flows induced by the fluid displacement of settling particles. Quantitative analysis of the mean vertical fluid velocity confirms that suspensions composed of more permeable particles generate weaker counterflows, posing less resistance to the settling motion. We furthermore show how velocity fluctuations and self-diffusivity depend on the permeability of the porous particles and the particle volume fraction. Both quantities increase with volume fraction and are largest for the least permeable particles, except at the highest volume fraction, where reduced settling velocities reverse this trend. The influence of particle permeability also reveals two effects in the particle microstructure. First, the analysis showed that particle clustering decreases with increasing permeability. Second, the overall probability of finding a neighbor within the lubrication range is lowest for the least permeable particles. We attribute this to the weakening of repulsive pressure forces between tumbling particles with increased permeability.

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Alexander Metelkin, Bernhard Vowinckel. 2026-06-13. Effects of permeability on hindered settling of porous particles. https://arxiv.org/abs/2606.15182

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