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arXiv · 2606.15543

Multi-tier Differential Private Query Release

Shaowei Wang·Jinn Li·Yun Peng·Puning Zhao·Wenqi Ren·Changyu Dong·Jin Li·Jian Weng
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Abstract

Answering statistical queries over sensitive data under differential privacy (DP) is a common task in many settings, including databases, mobile computing, and data markets. In these scenarios, multiple analysts may issue the same query, while receiving answers generated under different privacy budgets due to differences in trust levels or willingness to pay. Existing approaches for such multi-tier DP queries either incur excessive cumulative privacy loss or suffer from suboptimal utility. In this paper, we propose a framework for multi-tier DP query release that simultaneously bound the cumulative privacy loss by the maximum privacy budget among all queries and achieve optimal utility comparable to that of single-tier mechanisms. Our framework applies to different classes of DP mechanisms. For noise-adding mechanisms (e.g., count queries with the two-sided Geometric mechanism in the curator model), we develop a general solution based on the characteristic functions of noise distributions. For other mechanisms (e.g., count queries under the local DP model with the Subset mechanism), we design mechanism-specific primitives for budget transformation and introduce a template-based strategy that attains optimal utility across different privacy regimes. Experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of our framework.

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Shaowei Wang, Jinn Li, Yun Peng, Puning Zhao, Wenqi Ren, Changyu Dong, Jin Li, Jian Weng. 2026-06-14. Multi-tier Differential Private Query Release. https://arxiv.org/abs/2606.15543

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