Proportion of Simple Subgroups in Finite Groups and Their Applications

Abstract

This work introduces and investigates the function \( \mathcal{V}(G) = \frac{\text{Simp}(G)}{|L(G)|} \), where \( \text{Simp}(G) \) denotes the number of simple subgroups and \( |L(G)| \) the total number of subgroups of a finite group \( G \). The function \( \mathcal{V}(G) \), defined on the interval \( [0,1] \), represents the proportion of simple subgroups relative to the total number of subgroups. It serves as a tool for analyzing structural patterns in finite groups, particularly in p-groups and other families.