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arXiv · 2606.19134

Pareto Q-Learning with Reward Machines

Arnaud Lequen·Clément Legrand-Lixon·Léo Saulières
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Abstract

We present Pareto Q-Learning with Reward Machines (PQLRM), a multi-objective reinforcement learning algorithm for tasks whose reward structure is specified by a set of reward machines (RMs). PQLRM combines Pareto Q-Learning (PQL), which maintains sets of vector-valued Q-estimates to approximate the Pareto front, with enhancements from Q-Learning with Reward Machines (QRM), which exploits the factored automaton structure of the reward signal. This yields a multi-policy algorithm that remains sample-efficient under non-Markovian, RM-encoded rewards. Experimental trials show that PQLRM converges faster than a naive PQL baseline applied to the cross-product MDP and can synthesize Pareto-optimal policies that QRM cannot.

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Arnaud Lequen, Clément Legrand-Lixon, Léo Saulières. 2026-06-17. Pareto Q-Learning with Reward Machines. https://arxiv.org/abs/2606.19134

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