AONA: A Comprehensive Architecture and Workflow Design for Global Agentic Collaboration

Abstract

The rapid advancement of Large Language Models (LLMs) has established autonomous agents as the core vehicles for artificial intelligence applications. However, existing Internet infrastructures, primarily relying on TCP/IP and DNS, are designed for human-centric, host-to-host data transmission, inherently lacking the semantic awareness, dynamic capability discovery, and decentralized trust mechanisms required for autonomous agent interactions. To address these limitations and break the closed ecosystems of single vendors, this paper proposes AONA (Agentic Overlay Network Architecture), a novel overlay network architecture for the Internet of Agents (IoA). We first provide a multi-disciplinary scientific defense for multi-agent collaboration, demonstrating its theoretical necessity over single super-intelligence through the lenses of organizational economics, scaling principles, and the Price of Anarchy. AONA is then structured as a four-layer logical blueprint comprising the Base, Interconnection, Collaboration, and Application layers, which facilitates cross-protocol and cross-platform interoperability without disrupting the underlying physical network. To physically instantiate this blueprint, we design a distributed node infrastructure anchored by Management Root Nodes, Registry Service Nodes, Discovery Service Nodes, and Enterprise Intelligent Service Hubs for private domain integration. Finally, we detail the dynamic operational workflows-including zero-trust identity issuance, globally coordinated semantic taxonomy synchronization, intent-driven semantic discovery, and trusted metering for commercial settlement-that drive the network. This comprehensive architecture provides a robust, scalable, and secure foundation for the future of global agentic collaboration.