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arXiv · 2606.21210

Impact Analysis of Speech Representation Learning Models for Acoustic Side-Channel Attack

Nitin Choudhury·Bikrant Bikram Pratap Maurya·Arun Balaji Budhuru·Orchid Chetia Phukan
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Abstract

Acoustic side-channel attacks (ASCA) on keyboards have gained increasing attention, yet impact of speech representation learning models in ASCA remains unexplored. Addressing this, we introduce KEYAC, a dataset designed to analyze representation generalization for ASCA under both standard and VoIP codec settings. On KEYAC, we evaluate six representation learning models under zero-shot and partial fine-tuning settings using fully connected and convolutional networks. Results show that while partial fine-tuning improves performance, models struggle to generalize across VoIP codecs. We hypothesize this limitation stems from inadequate modeling of nonlinear feature interactions in conventional fine-tuning architectures. To address this, we employ Kolmogorov-Arnold Networks (KAN) for fine-tuning. Empirical results show that KAN-based fine-tuning consistently outperforms the baselines and establishes a new state-of-the-art on KEYAC.

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Nitin Choudhury, Bikrant Bikram Pratap Maurya, Arun Balaji Budhuru, Orchid Chetia Phukan. 2026-06-19. Impact Analysis of Speech Representation Learning Models for Acoustic Side-Channel Attack. https://arxiv.org/abs/2606.21210

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