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arXiv · 2606.23734

Removing Ostrogradsky modes in multi-field higher-order scalar-tensor theories

Hamed Bouzari Nezhad
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Abstract

We study how the Ostrogradsky modes can be removed in multi-field higher-order scalar-tensor theories. For a general class of theories with an arbitrary number $\mathcal{N}$ of scalar fields and quadratic dependence on their second derivatives, we perform an ADM decomposition and carry out the Hamiltonian analysis in the branch where the metric kinetic block is invertible. The primary degeneracy condition is a matrix condition in field space. Previous studies of coupled higher-derivative systems have shown that primary degeneracy need not by itself be sufficient. In the generally covariant multi-scalar-tensor setting considered here, where the scalar and metric velocities mix in the ADM decomposition, preservation of the primary degeneracy constraints generates additional consistency conditions. We obtain these conditions explicitly in terms of the ADM coefficient blocks generated by the covariant action. Some of these conditions are antisymmetric in the field-space indices and vanish in the single-field limit. A rank condition on the constraint algebra is required in addition. Under the assumptions used in the Hamiltonian counting, in particular that the scalar second-class sector leaves the diffeomorphism constraints first class, the theory then propagates $2+\mathcal{N}$ degrees of freedom, the two tensor modes of gravity and one scalar mode per field, with no additional Ostrogradsky mode. We check the conditions in the single-field limit and in a multi-field quadratic Horndeski-type subclass. We also give a subclass with nonzero scalar-metric kinetic mixing, constructed directly at the level of the ADM coefficient blocks, showing that the Hamiltonian conditions admit nontrivial solutions at the ADM-block level.

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Hamed Bouzari Nezhad. 2026-06-20. Removing Ostrogradsky modes in multi-field higher-order scalar-tensor theories. https://arxiv.org/abs/2606.23734

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