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arXiv · 2606.23787

Multi-peaked high-frequency gravitational waves from PBH-assisted leptogenesis

Debasish Borah·Nayan Das
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Abstract

We study the possibility of probing non-thermal leptogenesis with multi-peaked high-frequency gravitational waves (GW) by considering heavy right-handed neutrino (RHN) produced from primordial black hole (PBH) evaporation to be responsible for generating the required lepton asymmetry. The decay of RHN also produces a GW spectrum due to graviton bremsstrahlung with the corresponding amplitude being enhanced for heavier RHN. The presence of an ultra-light PBH dominated epoch not only ensures sufficient production of RHNs, but also keeps the leptogenesis scenario free from strong washout problem of thermal leptogenesis at very high scale. In addition, the PBH dominated epoch also helps in generating a gravitational bremsstrahlung spectrum distinct from the stochastic GW background from the thermal bath. Finally, PBH evaporation also brings two separate sources of GW via density perturbation and graviton emission via Hawking evaporation. For the most optimistic scenario with very high scale seesaw consistent with neutrino mass and leptogenesis, this leads to a multi-peaked GW spectrum with peak frequencies lying in the MHz-EHz range.

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Debasish Borah, Nayan Das. 2026-06-22. Multi-peaked high-frequency gravitational waves from PBH-assisted leptogenesis. https://arxiv.org/abs/2606.23787

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