Enhancing FANET Routing Resilience: A Fuzzy-Driven Bio-Inspired Approach and Its Quantitative Evaluation

Abstract

In flying ad hoc networks, the high mobility of unmanned aerial vehicles leads to rapid topology changes and unstable links. Clustering can simplify topology management, yet maintaining stable cluster structures remains challenging in highly dynamic environments. This paper employs multi-factor optimization to enhance the artificial bee colony-based cluster head election algorithm and introduces a dual-layer beacon mechanism for cluster maintenance, thereby improving cluster stability and reducing reconfiguration overhead. Meanwhile, although shortening the hello interval helps capture link variations in a timely manner, it significantly increases control overhead. To address this issue, a fuzzy logic-based hello interval controller is proposed to adaptively adjust control message frequency according to network dynamics, effectively reducing overhead while preserving transmission performance. Furthermore, to quantitatively evaluate routing resilience in large-scale and highly dynamic scenarios, this paper proposes a parameter sensitivity index to characterize both overall protocol performance and its sensitivity to environmental variations. The proposed protocol is compared with common baseline schemes in NS-3 simulations, and the resilience evaluation framework analysis reveals significant advantages in overall performance while exposing the trade-off between peak performance and parametric stability.