Structural Certification for Reliable Physical Design with Language Models

Nakul Vyas; Iliya D. Stoev

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arXiv · 2606.30107

Structural Certification for Reliable Physical Design with Language Models

Nakul Vyas·Iliya D. Stoev

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Abstract

An unreliable language model can be made to produce reliable physical designs if the authority to assert is moved out of the model: the model proposes, and a deterministic engine alone certifies, returning certified, impossible, or unknown. We introduce Physics-Anchored Certification (PHACT), a propose-certify loop spanning five scientific domains, and identify what makes such a certificate trustworthy. A checker that accepts a model-supplied value can be forged; deriving the certified quantity from fixed inputs instead makes forgery impossible by construction. Across eighty adversarial trials spanning two models, two decoding temperatures, and a deliberately faulted engine, this contract produced zero false certifications.

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Nakul Vyas, Iliya D. Stoev. 2026-06-29. Structural Certification for Reliable Physical Design with Language Models. https://arxiv.org/abs/2606.30107

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