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arXiv · 2606.30276

Action on the Sphere: An Interfering Mean-Field Propagator for the Bose-Hubbard Dimer

Elana F Todd-Miller·Eva-Maria Graefe
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Abstract

The Bose-Hubbard system has been studied extensively both theoretically and experimentally, in particular in the context of ultracold atomic gases in optical lattices. Even in the two-mode case the many-particle dynamics display complex interference effects resulting in revival and breakdown phenomena as well as tunnelling. The most basic theoretical description is the mean-field approximation, which can be derived from a time-dependent variational principle assuming the many-particle wave function is an SU(2) coherent state. Here we build on this to construct a simple initial-value coherent state propagator, summing over mean-field trajectories and keeping track of their phases, given by the corresponding mean-field actions. This yields an approximation to the full time-dependent many-particle state, and is able to reproduce breakdown and revival dynamics. Applying a time-slicing procedure on top of this, we are able to accurately capture many-particle tunnelling effects. While in this paper we focus our analysis on the Bose-Hubbard dimer, the methods developed can be applied to more general SU(2) Hamiltonians, and can be extended to SU(M) systems.

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Elana F Todd-Miller, Eva-Maria Graefe. 2026-06-29. Action on the Sphere: An Interfering Mean-Field Propagator for the Bose-Hubbard Dimer. https://arxiv.org/abs/2606.30276

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