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arXiv · 2607.00840

Dark matter energy exchange in stars orbiting supermassive black holes

Stephan A. Meighen-Berger·R. Andrew Gustafson·Nicole F. Bell·Jayden L. Newstead·Sandra Robles·Ian M. Shoemaker
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Abstract

Stars on tight orbits around the supermassive black hole at the Galactic Center pass through regions where the dark matter~(DM) density may be strongly enhanced. We compute the orbit-averaged DM-induced energy exchange for S4714 as an example. It is a star on an exceptionally close and relativistic orbit around Sagittarius~A*. For a spiked dark matter profile, the exchange reaches the stellar luminosity at $\sigma_{\chi p} \sim 10^{-36}~\mathrm{cm}^2$ for MeV-GeV masses and $\sigma_{\chi e} \sim 5\times10^{-38}~\mathrm{cm}^2$ for sub-MeV masses, opening a new annihilation-free route toward dark-star phases. These cross sections lie within the range predicted by freeze-in scenarios and are consistent with cosmic-ray--boosted and solar-reflection dark matter constraints.

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Stephan A. Meighen-Berger, R. Andrew Gustafson, Nicole F. Bell, Jayden L. Newstead, Sandra Robles, Ian M. Shoemaker. 2026-07-01. Dark matter energy exchange in stars orbiting supermassive black holes. https://arxiv.org/abs/2607.00840

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