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arXiv · 2607.06304

Decoupling Josephson Coupling and Supercurrent Nonreciprocity in Twisted NbSe2/NbSe2 van der Waals Junctions

Seung-Gi Lee·Kwon-Neong Jung·Jae-Kuen Kim·Jae-Chun Jeon·Jiho Yoon·Stuart S. P. Parkin·Kun-Rok Jeon
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Abstract

The microscopic origin of supercurrent nonreciprocity in van der Waals Josephson junctions remains under active debate, particularly regarding the role of twist-angle engineering in layered superconductors. Here, we investigate superconducting transport in twisted NbSe2/NbSe2 vertical Josephson junctions fabricated by dry transfer with controlled crystallographic alignment and chemically clean interfaces. High-resolution transmission electron microscopy is employed to directly determine the twist angle and assess interface quality. While the Josephson coupling strength exhibits a pronounced dependence on twist angle, with characteristic voltages maximized near crystallographically equivalent orientations and suppressed at intermediate angles, the supercurrent diode efficiency remains negligibly small and shows no systematic twist-angle dependence. In contrast, enhanced diode-like responses emerge only in weakly coupled junctions exhibiting interfacial disorder and reduced transparency. Deliberate interface degradation further amplifies the apparent nonreciprocity, yielding diode efficiencies approaching 30% together with an irregular magnetic-field-strength dependence. These results establish a clear decoupling between Josephson coupling and supercurrent nonreciprocity in twisted NbSe2/NbSe2 junctions. Our findings identify interface disorder, rather than twist-angle-controlled momentum matching, as the dominant origin of the observed diode response and provide a critical benchmark for interpreting nonreciprocal superconducting transport in van der Waals Josephson devices.

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Seung-Gi Lee, Kwon-Neong Jung, Jae-Kuen Kim, Jae-Chun Jeon, Jiho Yoon, Stuart S. P. Parkin, Kun-Rok Jeon. 2026-07-07. Decoupling Josephson Coupling and Supercurrent Nonreciprocity in Twisted NbSe2/NbSe2 van der Waals Junctions. https://arxiv.org/abs/2607.06304

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