Transverse Optomechanical Interaction Mediated by Mechanically Induced Symmetry Breaking: Hamiltonian Dynamics

Abstract

In cavity optomechanics, the interaction between light and motion is usually introduced via the shift of cavity resonances in response to mechanical displacement. Here we present an analysis of Hamiltonian dynamics of an optomechanical system with a different form of optomechanical coupling, in which mechanical motion dynamically couples otherwise independent optical modes. In the language of Schwinger pseudospin operators, the dispersive coupling can be interpreted as "longitudinal" while the mode-coupling mechanism corresponds to a transverse interaction. The latter is well known in cavity and circuit QED but was given only scarce attention in cavity optomechanics. Unlike the traditional dispersive/dissipative coupling, the mode-coupling optomechanical interaction generates rich Hamiltonian dynamics even in the absence of external drive or dissipation. For instance, under certain initial conditions this dynamics is characterized by a Hamiltonian Hopf bifurcation controlled by the total photon power injected into the system. Below the bifurcation threshold and for large enough non-linearity, mechanical modulation of optical amplitudes generates a broad spectrum of multiple sidebands covering a frequency interval larger than ten mechanical frequencies. Above the threshold, the frequency of optical oscillations becomes dependent on the mechanical amplitude, while mechanical degrees of freedom return to oscillating at their bare frequency. The scope of this work is limited to the study of purely Hamiltonian dynamics to demonstrate that the mechanically mediated mode-coupling optomechanical interaction provides an alternative method of coherent control of energy exchange between light and mechanical motion.