A Comprehensive History of $\mu$CRL and mCRL2

Jan Friso Groote; Erik P. de Vink

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arXiv · 2607.14956

A Comprehensive History of $\mu$CRL and mCRL2

Jan Friso Groote·Erik P. de Vink

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Abstract

This article gives a historical overview of the background, motivation and development of {\mu}CRL and its successor mCRL2, from the inception to the present. Both mCRL2 and {\mu}CRL are similar, compact, but very expressive formalisms based on process algebra, term rewriting, and the modal mu-calculus. They are developed to model and analyse the behaviour of interacting systems, i.e., systems that communicate by exchange of messages, among each other and with the outside world. Every contemporary computer system can be viewed as such an interacting system and their communication schemes are difficult to design correctly. By sticking to the mathematical foundations, but being led by the desire to be practically relevant, the formalism has grown to become very versatile. In particular, mCRL2 does not only foster the development of theory and the formulation of correctness proofs, but it is also the basis of a large set of automatic tools that help to provide insight in the behaviour of complex computer controlled systems.

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Jan Friso Groote, Erik P. de Vink. 2026-07-16. A Comprehensive History of $\mu$CRL and mCRL2. https://arxiv.org/abs/2607.14956

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