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arXiv · 2607.21972

Cross-country structure of a sexual contact network derived from a commercial-sex review platform

Hiromu Ito·Keiko Shigeta·Toshiaki R. Asakura·Satoru Morita
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Abstract

Sexual contact networks are fundamental to understanding the spread of sexually transmitted infections (STIs), yet their large-scale structure remains difficult to observe because of technical, ethical, and privacy constraints. Here, we analyze a large bipartite commercial-sex contact network comprising 1,436,738 client-sex worker links, constructed from reviews posted between 1999 and 2024 on The Erotic Review (TER), a review platform covering sex workers listed across 97 countries and territories. We examine the network's cross-country structure, focusing on how clients, sex workers, locations, and time periods are connected. The network formed a giant connected component containing most clients and sex workers and exhibited small-world-like properties, including short average path lengths, high bipartite clustering, and disassortative degree correlations. Although most reviews were associated with the United States, a small fraction of clients reviewed sex workers in multiple countries or territories, creating spatial bridges between otherwise distant regions. Long-term users created temporal bridges, making the aggregated network more compact than networks built from shorter time windows. Contacts involving transgender female sex workers were structurally concentrated: clients who reviewed both cisgender and transgender female sex workers represented a small minority but accounted for a large share of transgender-related reviews and showed higher cross-country activity. These findings show how a small number of highly connected clients with cross-country review activity can shape the large-scale connectivity of commercial-sex contact networks. More broadly, our results demonstrate the value and limitations of digital trace data for studying cross-country contact structures relevant to STI transmission.

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Hiromu Ito, Keiko Shigeta, Toshiaki R. Asakura, Satoru Morita. 2026-07-24. Cross-country structure of a sexual contact network derived from a commercial-sex review platform. https://arxiv.org/abs/2607.21972

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