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arXiv · 2607.23074

Digital techniques for the frustrated Ising ring: the role of counter-diabatic terms

Kiran Thengil·Vincenzo Roberto Arezzo·Giuseppe E. Santoro
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Abstract

We investigate the role of local counter-diabatic (CD) terms in enhancing the performance of discrete-time digital protocols for a frustrated Ising ring, a system with an exponentially small spectral gap that acts as a bottleneck for conventional quantum annealing. The techniques investigated range from a digitised version of a fixed-schedule protocol, including lowest-order analytical CD terms, all the way to a full-fledged Quantum Approximate Optimisation Algorithm (QAOA), including variational CD terms (DC-QAOA). By analyzing the resulting residual energy, we show that DC-QAOA combined with Chopped RAndom Basis (CRAB) quantum control techniques for optimizing the circuit parameters, can outperform all the other strategies. By monitoring the ground-state population during the dynamics we learn that DC-QAOA finds effective shortcuts towards the target state through intermediate excited states, a process that is unexpectedly enhanced by the inclusion of local CD unitaries. Our results highlight the importance of flexible variational control of CD dynamics and demonstrate that digital optimization can explore operator dynamics that remain inaccessible to standard analytical CD constructions.

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Kiran Thengil, Vincenzo Roberto Arezzo, Giuseppe E. Santoro. 2026-07-25. Digital techniques for the frustrated Ising ring: the role of counter-diabatic terms. https://arxiv.org/abs/2607.23074

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