Non-equilibrium fluctuations of a two-species exclusion process with slow boundary

Ziying Chen; Yong Li

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arXiv · 2607.23640

Non-equilibrium fluctuations of a two-species exclusion process with slow boundary

Ziying Chen·Yong Li

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Abstract

We study the non-equilibrium density fluctuations of a one-dimensional two-species symmetric simple exclusion process in contact with critical slow boundary reservoirs. The boundary rates are of order $1/n$, which leads to Robin boundary conditions at the macroscopic level. We prove that the coupled fluctuation field associated with the empirical densities of two species converges to a generalized Ornstein-Uhlenbeck process. The limiting process is characterized by a linear martingale problem whose coefficients reflect the combined effects of bulk diffusion, species conversion, and the boundary reservoirs.

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Ziying Chen, Yong Li. 2026-07-26. Non-equilibrium fluctuations of a two-species exclusion process with slow boundary. https://arxiv.org/abs/2607.23640

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