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arXiv · 2607.23833

Position measurement of a levitated particle with vectorial light

Daniel Tandeitnik·Lucas Bianchi·Sebastian Gutierrez-Bernal·Joanna A. Zielińska·Paulo A. Maia Neto·Thiago Guerreiro
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Abstract

We develop a fully vectorial, semiclassical scattering formalism for optically levitated dipolar scatterers, expressed within the angular spectrum representation and applicable to arbitrary trapping-field configurations as well as to high--numerical-aperture focusing. Within this framework, we introduce the information radiation pattern to characterize the angular distribution of position-dependent information and use a Richards--Wolf projection of the scattered field onto the local-oscillator mode to quantify the resulting mode-matching efficiency, yielding experimentally realistic forward- and backward-detection efficiencies. As a worked example, we apply the formalism to a radially polarized trapping beam and confirm that the axial recoil heating rate is reduced relative to a conventional linearly polarized Gaussian tweezer. The theoretical framework is implemented in LevitationToolbox, an open-source Python package intended to support the design and optimization of near-Heisenberg-limited levitated optomechanical experiments.

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Daniel Tandeitnik, Lucas Bianchi, Sebastian Gutierrez-Bernal, Joanna A. Zielińska, Paulo A. Maia Neto, Thiago Guerreiro. 2026-07-26. Position measurement of a levitated particle with vectorial light. https://arxiv.org/abs/2607.23833

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