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arXiv · 2607.25458

Resilience: Understand Breakdown, Foster Recovery, and Choose the Right Perspective

Frank Schweitzer
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Abstract

Resilience denotes the capacity of a system to withstand shocks and to recover from them. We distinguish between two different types of dynamics. The first allows for a separation between phases of normalcy and phases of rapid breakdown followed by slow recovery. The second applies to volatile organizations in which such phases are intertwined. Breakdown is often self-inflicted. Situation awareness is impaired by psychological mechanisms that lead to incorrect expectations regarding societal dynamics. Through positive feedback, the failure of a few elements is amplified into a failure cascade. However, positive feedback can also be harnessed to enable recovery. In volatile systems, resilience must be understood as an emergent property arising from the interaction of agents. This necessitates a data-driven approach to inform agent-based models, drawing on repositories, knowledge graphs, or tools from artificial intelligence. Such models help demonstrate that resilience represents a compromise between robustness and adaptivity. Maximizing performance frequently comes at the expense of resilience, and second-order solutions aimed at transforming the system prove more promising than attempts to reconstruct past conditions.

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Frank Schweitzer. 2026-07-28. Resilience: Understand Breakdown, Foster Recovery, and Choose the Right Perspective. https://arxiv.org/abs/2607.25458

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