Heavy and heavy-light mesons with arbitrary spin and parity in the Covariant Spectator Theory

Abstract

This work generalizes the one-channel Covariant Spectator Theory (CST) formalism to describe quark-antiquark mesons of arbitrary spin-parity $J^P$. We also improve the quark-antiquark interaction kernel by incorporating the momentum dependence of the strong coupling. Within this framework, we perform global fits to the masses of experimentally established heavy and heavy-light mesons with $J^P=0^\pm, 1^\pm, 2^\pm,$ and $3^\pm$. With only eight adjustable parameters, the model yields an excellent global description of the observed quark-antiquark spectrum and predicts both unmeasured states and likely $J^P$ assignments for states with unconfirmed quantum numbers. In particular, our results support the identifications of the recently observed $B_c(1P)^+$ candidates as $0^+$, $1^+$, and $2^+$ states, and the $B_c^{*+}$ as the lowest $1^-$ state in the bottom-charm sector, as well as the $D_{s1}(2933)^+$ as axial-vector state in the charm-strange sector.