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arXiv · 2608.01671

The Godsil--McKay Asymptotic for Latin Rectangles in the Sublinear Range of Erd\H{o}s Problem 725

Eric Li
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Abstract

Erd\H{o}s Problem 725 asks for an asymptotic formula for the number $L_{k,n}$ of ordered, labelled $k\times n$ Latin rectangles. Godsil and McKay proved that $L_{k,n}\sim (n!)^k((n)_k/n^k)^n(1-k/n)^{-n/2}e^{-k/2}$ for $k=o(n^{6/7})$. We provide a partial solution to Erd\H{o}s Problem 725 by proving this asymptotic for every $k=o(n)$. More precisely, set $\widetilde A_{k,n}=(n!)^k((n)_k/n^k)^n\exp\{[n(H_n-H_{n-k})-k]/2\}$. For every $K(n)=o(n)$, uniformly for $0\leq k\leq K(n)$, we prove $\log(L_{k,n}/\widetilde A_{k,n})=O(k^2/n^2)$, with an absolute implied constant. The results of this paper have been formally verified in Lean.

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Eric Li. 2026-08-03. The Godsil--McKay Asymptotic for Latin Rectangles in the Sublinear Range of Erd\H{o}s Problem 725. https://arxiv.org/abs/2608.01671

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