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arXiv · 2608.08562

Sun-to-Earth Coronal Mass Ejection Simulations From a Vector Magnetogram

Yifu An·Gábor Tóth·Beatrice Popescu Braileanu
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Abstract

We implement a novel approach to performing Sun-to-Earth coronal mass ejection (CME) simulations and test it on three geo-effective space weather events. Using a vector magnetogram observed prior to the CME as the boundary condition, we reconstruct non-linear force free field (NLFFF) solutions in solar active regions with an established magneto-frictional method. We find a pre-eruption solar corona containing the NLFFF in the AWSoM model, which then spontaneously erupts. We apply STITCH, a photospheric driving method, when needed, to increase the strength of the CME shock. The eruptions successfully produce magnetic flux ropes (MFRs) that propagate to 1 au in the full MHD simulation. The synthetic white light images of the simulated CMEs share a striking resemblance in shape to observations. The interplanetary MFRs (IMFRs) arrive at 1 au with a 1.5- to 9-hour error. A comparison of simulated solar wind plasma with in-situ measurements shows that IMFR crossing can reproduce a southward $B_z$ and often its magnitudes, which determine the geo-effectiveness of the event.

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Yifu An, Gábor Tóth, Beatrice Popescu Braileanu. 2026-08-09. Sun-to-Earth Coronal Mass Ejection Simulations From a Vector Magnetogram. https://arxiv.org/abs/2608.08562

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