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arXiv · 2608.10561

Probing vorticity and fluctuations in a rotating hadron resonance gas at LHC energy

S. Ipsita Sahoo·Sanjeebani Biswal·D. Dutta·D. K. Mishra
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Abstract

A large vorticity produced in non-central ultra-relativistic heavy-ion collisions induces an effective chemical potential in both partonic and hadronic matter, thereby influencing the quark-hadron transition and its associated properties. In this work, we investigate the influence of rotation on hadron yields within the framework of Hadron Resonance Gas (HRG) model. Our results show that vorticity significantly modifies hadron yields and their ratios. Most notably, rotation enhances the $p/\pi^+$ ratio while suppressing the $K^+/\pi^+$ ratio, suggesting that these observables may serve as sensitive probes of the rotational properties of the medium created in heavy-ion collisions. To quantify the effect of rotation, the calculated dependence of the $p/\pi^+$ ratio on vorticity is compared with the centrality dependence of the $p/\pi$ ratio measured by the ALICE collaboration in Pb+Pb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{_{NN}}}$ = 5.02 TeV. From this comparison, we estimate the maximum vorticity produced at freeze-out for different collision centralities. In case of peripheral collisions, the freeze-out vorticity ($\omega$) is found to reach an upper bound value of approximately 0.088 GeV, whereas for central collisions it is about 0.028 GeV. Furthermore, we investigate the effect of rotation on fluctuations of conserved quantities and their correlations. This study provides a quantitative framework for assessing the role of rotation in the thermodynamics of hadronic matter and its phenomenological consequences for heavy-ion collisions.

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S. Ipsita Sahoo, Sanjeebani Biswal, D. Dutta, D. K. Mishra. 2026-08-11. Probing vorticity and fluctuations in a rotating hadron resonance gas at LHC energy. https://arxiv.org/abs/2608.10561

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