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arXiv · 2608.13143

ProbSplat: Efficient Probabilistic Hardware for Gaussian Splatting in 3D Scene Reconstruction

Siddarth Gottumukkula·M P Samartha·Vedant Pahariya·Priyanshi Jain·Amit Ranjan Trivedi·Priyesh Shukla
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Abstract

This paper presents ProbSplat, a Compute-in-Memory (CIM)-inspired architecture based on programmable and energy efficient floating-gate inverter columns for probabilistic computing. Improving upon our prior work, ProbSplat programs and stores both means and variances of Gaussian mixture components, and evaluates log-likelihood for gaussian splatting during scene reconstruction with high energy efficiency, suitable for robotics and augmented/virtual reality (AR/VR) at the edge. Our proposed scheme enables independent control of both mean and variance via deterministic adjustment of floating-gate MOSFET threshold voltages, increasing the fidelity of hardware to program probability distributions. The design is simulated in 180nm CMOS on 1.8 V at 50 MHz and achieves mean-variance independence with <2.4% deviation during 3-D Gaussian mixture modeling. Compared to conventional digital implementations, ProbSplat significantly reduces compute complexity, memory footprint, and power consumption. The scalable framework consumes 18pJ energy per log-likelihood inference with 4-bit precision while operating for 500 mixture functions in a 3-D GMM. Scene reconstruction with ProbSplat's characteristics gave satisfactory fidelity of 21.99 PSNR (dB) at 8-bit precision.

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Siddarth Gottumukkula, M P Samartha, Vedant Pahariya, Priyanshi Jain, Amit Ranjan Trivedi, Priyesh Shukla. 2026-08-13. ProbSplat: Efficient Probabilistic Hardware for Gaussian Splatting in 3D Scene Reconstruction. https://arxiv.org/abs/2608.13143

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