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arXiv · 2608.23016

Simultaneous Indoor and Outdoor Coverage with Conformal Intelligent Omni-Surface

Yiqi Chen·Xiaoming She·Jianchi Zhu·Nanxi Li·Ruizhe Long·Ying-Chang Liang
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Abstract

Seamless indoor--outdoor coverage conventionally relies on coordinated outdoor macro cells and indoor small cells, incurring high deployment and backhaul costs. Intelligent omni-surfaces (IOSs) provide a promising alternative by enabling simultaneous reflection and transmission across building boundaries. Enabled by recent advances in conformal antennas, conformal IOSs (CIOSs) mounted on building facades offer a flexible and deployment-friendly solution for integrated indoor--outdoor coverage. This paper develops a stochastic-geometry framework to evaluate the downlink performance of CIOS-assisted networks serving both indoor and outdoor users. Specifically, a building-dependent spatial model is established where randomly located buildings are modeled via a Boolean scheme with CIOSs mounted on their facades. Unlike planar IOS deployment, conformal integration introduces geometry dependent visibility constraints, which are captured through the effective numbers of participating elements defined by visible arc metrics for reflection and transmission. Incorporating these constraints, coverage probability expressions are derived under three CIOS operating protocols. Numerical results show that, compared with planar IOS, CIOS improves the successful connection probabilities of the reflected and transmitted links by up to 75% and 125%, respectively, while the overall coverage gain remains dependent on blockage conditions because curvature reduces the effective serving aperture.

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Yiqi Chen, Xiaoming She, Jianchi Zhu, Nanxi Li, Ruizhe Long, Ying-Chang Liang. 2026-08-24. Simultaneous Indoor and Outdoor Coverage with Conformal Intelligent Omni-Surface. https://arxiv.org/abs/2608.23016

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