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arXiv · 2608.27665

A Moisture-Vorticity Theory for the Boreal Summer Quasi-Biweekly Oscillation

Shubhrangshu Biswas·Jai Sukhatme·Bishakhdatta Gayen
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Abstract

We develop a moisture vorticity theory for the boreal summer quasi-biweekly oscillation (QBWO) in the tropics and analyze it with the aid of GPT-5.5. The model is formulated on a weak-temperature-gradient slow manifold, in which moisture anomalies diagnose the divergent circulation while the rotational circulation evolves through Rossby wave dynamics and vortex stretching. The key coupling is controlled by eddy advection of the background moisture gradient, with the projection $(\mathbf{k}\cdot\nabla\bar q)$ modifying propagation and the cross-gradient factor $(\mathbf{k}\times\nabla\bar q)_z$ controlling moisture extraction and growth. In the weak-coupling regime, which is relevant for the real-world situation, the QBWO is a Doppler-shifted Rossby mode whose growth or decay is determined by phase-coherent moisture extraction and subsequent vortex stretching; moisture damping weakens this feedback but does not introduce a sharp threshold in the minimal linear model. In terms of subtropical geographical locations, this renders the QBWO unstable over the Bay of Bengal with an intraseasonal growth rate and co-located vorticity and moisture anomalies, and it decays over relatively drier regions such as Central and West Africa with a quadrature relation between vorticity and moisture anomalies. The equations also admit a strong-coupling regime where the system approaches a moist-vortex limit. The theory interprets the QBWO as a Rossby-moisture-vorticity instability whose regional behavior depends on background moisture-gradient geometry, coupling strength, damping, and mean-flow advection.

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Shubhrangshu Biswas, Jai Sukhatme, Bishakhdatta Gayen. 2026-08-27. A Moisture-Vorticity Theory for the Boreal Summer Quasi-Biweekly Oscillation. https://arxiv.org/abs/2608.27665

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