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arXiv · 2608.30591

Freezing of a deformable water-saturated porous medium. Part I: THM formulation, OpenGeoSys-6 implementation and benchmarking

Tymofiy Gerasimov·Christian B. Silbermann·Dmitri Naumov·Olaf Kolditz·Haibing Shao·Thomas Nagel
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Abstract

In this contribution, Part I, we present a coupled thermo-hydro-mechanical formulation for modeling and analyzing water-to-ice phase change in a deformable fully-saturated porous medium. It is implemented in the multi-physics computational platform OpenGeoSys-6. We compute a series of carefully designed benchmark problems which critically examine the corresponding formulation components and the overall implementation. Several ingredients that have a qualitative and quantitative impact on the numerical results are identified, particularly dissected and commented on. Simulations also account for soil deformation induced by freezing (as a result of 9% volumetric expansion caused by water-to-ice phase transition). The forthcoming Part II will complete the code verification and validation campaign by considering a real full-scale three-dimensional case study of shallow subsurface ice storage. More specifically, we simulate the ice growth process in a fully saturated soil specimen surrounding a group of borehole heat exchangers (BHEs) that contain subzero temperature coolant fluid. A snapshot of the numerical results of this task is already depicted here in Part I as a teaser.

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Tymofiy Gerasimov, Christian B. Silbermann, Dmitri Naumov, Olaf Kolditz, Haibing Shao, Thomas Nagel. 2026-08-31. Freezing of a deformable water-saturated porous medium. Part I: THM formulation, OpenGeoSys-6 implementation and benchmarking. https://arxiv.org/abs/2608.30591

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