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arXiv · 2609.02635

Frequency-domain extended-effective-source gravitational self-force for eccentric Schwarzschild orbits

Xuchen Lu·Yungui Gong·Bokai Zhang·Chao Zhang·Wenting Zhou
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Abstract

Effective-source formulations provide a practical route to gravitational self-force (GSF) calculations when singular retarded fields cannot be handled directly mode by mode. Up to now, only frequency-domain first-order GSF for circular orbits in Schwarzschild spacetime was obtained with the effective-source method. We construct and implement a frequency-domain extended effective-source (EES) formulation for first-order Lorenz-gauge GSF on eccentric orbits in Schwarzschild spacetime. The central obstacle is that radial libration forces the physical puncture and effective source to switch between interior and exterior branches, limiting their differentiability and producing slow spectral convergence. We overcome this obstruction by analytically extending both branches across the libration region and solving the coupled Lorenz-gauge perturbation equations for the resulting smooth extended sources. This provides an end-to-end gravitational EES implementation for eccentric motion and validates a computational ingredient needed for extending frequency-domain effective-source calculations toward second order.

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Xuchen Lu, Yungui Gong, Bokai Zhang, Chao Zhang, Wenting Zhou. 2026-09-02. Frequency-domain extended-effective-source gravitational self-force for eccentric Schwarzschild orbits. https://arxiv.org/abs/2609.02635

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