Condensation and metastability in the supercritical two-species zero-range process via resolvent and $H^1$-approximation

Abstract

In this article, we investigate the two-species zero-range process, a multi-species generalization of the classical zero-range process. First, we analyze its condensation regime, which directly parallels its single-species counterpart. As our main result, we establish the dynamical metastable behavior of the location of the single condensate, showing that its motion is governed by a simple Markov chain on the accelerated time scale $N^{1+\alpha}$, where $N$ denotes the total number of particles in the system and the parameter $\alpha>1$ governs the attractivity of the system. Another novelty of this work lies in the proof technique, which integrates the recently developed resolvent approach with the $H^{1}$-approximation method to rigorously characterize metastability.