Critical and subcritical fusion asymptotics for Sine$_\beta$ correlation functions

Abstract

We determine the first correction to the leading Vandermonde fusion law for the correlation functions of the Sine$*\beta$ process in the critical and and subcritical regimes $m\beta\leq1$. When $m\beta<1$, the normalized correction is of order $|\varepsilon|^{1+m\beta}$, with a strictly negative coefficient given by an explicit gamma-function ratio times an absolutely convergent arithmetic-geometric mean deficit integral. At $m\beta=1$, it is $-\frac{\sum*{i<j}(a_i-a_j)^2}{8m^2(2m+1)}\varepsilon^2\log(1/|\varepsilon|)+O(\varepsilon^2)$. For two merging points, the subcritical coefficient reduces to a gamma-function expression involving $\sec(\pi\beta)-1$, and the critical logarithmic coefficient is $-1/160$. The argument starts from a geometric interpolation of circular-Jacobi weights. Selecting one particle in the interpolation derivative increases the fused charge by $\beta$ and leaves a strict positive-power moment margin in the remaining stochastic-zeta expectation. This yields an absolutely convergent one-particle identity and uniform control at the collision scale. The results resolve the critical and subcritical conjecture in the author's earlier preprint and complement its supercritical second-order expansion.