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arXiv · 2609.07929

Symmetry breaking in the polygonal Szeg\"{o}-Weinberger inequality as $p\to1^+$: the longest shortest-fence quadrilateral

Beniamin Bogosel·Dorin Bucur·Ilaria Fragalà
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Abstract

We consider P\'olya's problem of finding, among convex sets of prescribed area, the one with the longest shortest fence, in the polygonal setting, namely when the class of competitors is restricted to polygons with a prescribed number of sides. While it is straightforward to show that, among triangles, the optimal shape is the equilateral one, we prove that symmetry breaking occurs in the case of quadrilaterals: the optimal quadrilateral is not the square. More precisely, we identify it as a specific isosceles trapezium, which is uniquely determined, up to homotheties and rigid motions, by an elementary equation for its base angle. The proof combines analytical arguments and rigorous interval-arithmetic computations.

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Beniamin Bogosel, Dorin Bucur, Ilaria Fragalà. 2026-09-07. Symmetry breaking in the polygonal Szeg\"{o}-Weinberger inequality as $p\to1^+$: the longest shortest-fence quadrilateral. https://arxiv.org/abs/2609.07929

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