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arXiv · 2609.11835

Octupolar bremsstrahlung waveform up to the two-loop level and the third-and-a-half post-Newtonian accuracy

Donato Bini·Thibault Damour·Andrea Geralico
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Abstract

Extending our recent work (which focussed on the even-parity quadrupolar part of the waveform), we compute the even-parity octupolar contribution, $U_3$, to the gravitational waveform $W \equiv \frac{c^4 r}{4G} \bar m^{i} \bar m^{j } h_{i j}$ emitted during the scattering of two masses. We work within the Multipolar Post-Minkowskian (MPM) formalism, and use the 3.5 Post-Newtonian (PN) accurate radiation-reacted quasi-Keplerian representation of the hyperbolic motion. We explicitly evaluate the frequency-domain value $\hat U_3(\omega, \theta,\phi)$ of $U_3$ up to the 2-loop level, i.e. $ O(G^4)$ contributions to $h_{ij}(\omega, \theta,\phi)$, corresponding to $O(G^3)$ contributions to $\hat U_3(\omega, \theta,\phi)$. As a crucial partial confirmation of our result, we find that the 1-loop truncation of our 3.5 PN frequency-domain MPM waveform agrees with corresponding existing Effective Field Theory (EFT) results when taking into account exactly the {\it same} (2.5PN-level) difference in the definitions of the center-of-mass origins within the two formalisms that was deduced from our previous quadrupolar comparison.

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Donato Bini, Thibault Damour, Andrea Geralico. 2026-09-10. Octupolar bremsstrahlung waveform up to the two-loop level and the third-and-a-half post-Newtonian accuracy. https://arxiv.org/abs/2609.11835

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