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arXiv · 2609.14354

Statistical behavior of systems with nested invariant cones

Xu Cheng·Yufeng Zhang·Dun Zhou
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Abstract

Nested invariant cones (NICs) encode hierarchical order and oscillation structures in many finite and infinite dimensional dynamical systems. We investigate how this hierarchy constrains the Birkhoff center and the supports of invariant probability measures. For eventually compact, dissipative semiflows that are uniformly eventually strongly monotone with respect to NICs, we prove that every connected component $B$ of the Birkhoff center lies in a single cone layer: there exists $j>0$ such that $B$ is unordered with respect to all lower-level cones and strongly ordered with respect to all cones at level $j$ or higher. The same conclusion holds for every connected component of the support of an invariant probability measure. Under an additional transversality condition involving a codimension-$d$ linear subspace, each such component admits a homeomorphic embedding into $\mathbb R^d$. If $d=1$ or $2$ and the restriction of the semiflow to its global attractor extends to a flow, then the system has zero topological entropy, independently of the dimension of the original phase space. We apply the theory to bidirectional cyclic feedback systems and scalar parabolic equations on the circle. In the parabolic case, the natural infinite family of zero-number NICs fails to be uniformly eventually strongly monotone, even for the heat equation; we overcome this obstruction by constructing a finite family of perturbed NICs. In both applications, every connected component of the Birkhoff center admits a planar embedding, and the topological entropy is zero.

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Xu Cheng, Yufeng Zhang, Dun Zhou. 2026-09-13. Statistical behavior of systems with nested invariant cones. https://arxiv.org/abs/2609.14354

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