Universal Eigenvector Statistics of Non-Hermitian Random Matrices

Ze Chen; Zhenyu Xiao; Shinsei Ryu

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arXiv · 2609.22079

Universal Eigenvector Statistics of Non-Hermitian Random Matrices

Ze Chen·Zhenyu Xiao·Shinsei Ryu

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Abstract

Eigenvector overlaps quantify nonorthogonality and govern the response and dynamics of non-Hermitian systems. We extend the universality of non-Hermitian random matrices to the statistics of these overlaps. We obtain analytical expressions for eigenvector overlaps in the spectral bulk and near the origin, covering ten symmetry classes in the limit of large matrix size. Using fermionic replica nonlinear $σ$ models, we relate these overlaps to Hermitian level statistics, symmetry class by symmetry class and topological sector by topological sector. Numerical calculations in various physical models support the universality of the normalized overlaps in the regimes studied. Our work establishes a duality between Hermitian level statistics and non-Hermitian eigenvector overlaps.

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Ze Chen, Zhenyu Xiao, Shinsei Ryu. 2026-09-18. Universal Eigenvector Statistics of Non-Hermitian Random Matrices. https://arxiv.org/abs/2609.22079

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