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arXiv · 2609.25712

TCMaster: Confidence-Aware Querying and Workload-Guided Physical Design for Multi-Source Traditional Chinese Medicine Knowledge Graphs

Zheng Chen·Yuzhu Li·Haoxuan Li·Zhongde Zhang·Lianshun Jin·Peiwu Qin
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Abstract

Multi-source knowledge graphs (KGs) need query mechanisms that expose reliability and exploit domain structure. This paper presents TCMaster, a property-graph query substrate for confidence-aware traversal and workload-guided physical design over Traditional Chinese Medicine KGs. TCMaster integrates pharmacopoeias, prescriptions, molecular databases, and LLM-extracted micro-semantics into a KG with approximately 221K entities and 723K base edges. It annotates edges with provenance-level confidence, rewrites Cypher queries with confidence predicates, ranks multi-hop paths under PRODUCT, MIN, or weighted-average policies, and uses ontology skew through direction selection, herb-attribute bitmaps, and materialized shortcut edges. On Neo4j, direction selection improves attribute lookup by a factor of 1.47, shortcuts accelerate high-fanout target counting by a factor of 4.42, confidence filtering removes 39.3 percent of low-quality heterogeneous paths, and KG retrieval improves TCMbench QA accuracy by 20.0 percentage points.

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Zheng Chen, Yuzhu Li, Haoxuan Li, Zhongde Zhang, Lianshun Jin, Peiwu Qin. 2026-09-22. TCMaster: Confidence-Aware Querying and Workload-Guided Physical Design for Multi-Source Traditional Chinese Medicine Knowledge Graphs. https://arxiv.org/abs/2609.25712

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