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arXiv · 2609.30903

A Bonded-Particle Discrete-Element Model with Self-Gravity for the Collision and Reaccumulation of Rubble-Pile Asteroids: Formulation and Numerical Protocol

Yohann Trivino
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Abstract

I present a discrete-element approach developed to study the collisional and gravitational evolution of small self-gravitating granular aggregates. Each body is represented as a composite of cohesively bonded spherical grains, so that fragmentation and reaccumulation emerge from the microscopic competition between short-range dissipative contact forces, an irreversible bond-breaking criterion, and pairwise Newtonian self-gravity summed over every particle pair, including those internal to a single body. A numerical experiment is described: a random-sequential packing procedure that generates two bonded spherical aggregates, a controlled two-body encounter with tunable approach speed and impact parameter, and a systematic parameter sweep designed to map the conditions under which two bodies launched from rest under their mutual gravity alone either merge into a single remnant or fail to settle after a low-speed encounter. Of the 125 simulated collisions, 56.8\% result in the formation of a single residue. The cohesive network remains intact for $Π_σ\lesssim0.036$, is partially damaged with dispersion determined by the contact damping ratio, and breaks completely for $Π_σ\approx3.59$

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Yohann Trivino. 2026-09-25. A Bonded-Particle Discrete-Element Model with Self-Gravity for the Collision and Reaccumulation of Rubble-Pile Asteroids: Formulation and Numerical Protocol. https://arxiv.org/abs/2609.30903

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