Searcharxiv⌕ Search

arXiv · 2609.31813

Awaken, Then Scale: Tiny Adaptation for MRI Reconstruction

Abstract

Dormant Awakening (DA) specializes a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) reconstruction model by fitting a small set of zero weights to one labeled slice. Across fourteen U-shaped convolutional network (U-Net) and vision transformer (ViT) sources, fitting 1,004 or 10,560 weights gives mean peak signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR) gains of .430 and .509 dB. We analyze how scaling the fitted output correction changes evaluation PSNR, then use the calibration correction size to cap changes on new images. The cap bounds changes in root mean squared error (RMSE) relative to the source without an evaluation reference. At 10\% adaptation budget, we compare fixed halving and dynamic capping for DA, unrestricted sparse adaptation and low-rank adaptation (LoRA). The controls increase both measured calibration-evaluation correlations across all six tested architecture-adapter settings. Experiments concern one constructed fastMRI-to-M4Raw shift with fixed source checkpoints and participant panels.

Explore related subjects

Keep this discovery

Explore connections, maps & timelines

BibTeXRIS

Mohammed Wattad, Tamir Shor, Alexander M. Bronstein. 2026-09-25. Awaken, Then Scale: Tiny Adaptation for MRI Reconstruction. https://arxiv.org/abs/2609.31813

Cite the original work for its findings. Save a collection to share your selection of sources.

KEEP EXPLORING

Related papers

Rigid Motion Estimation using Accelerated Iterative Coordinate Descent (REACT) for MR Imaging

Purpose: To develop a computationally viable autofocus method for estimating 3D rigid motion in MR imaging. Theory and Methods: The proposed method, REACT, assumes a piecewise-constant motion trajectory and estimates the rigid motion parameters of individual temporal segments by optimizing an image-quality metric. Coordinate descent is adopted to decompose the high-dimensional optimization problem into a series of subproblems, each updating the motion parameters of a single temporal segment. The cost function of each subproblem is assumed to be approximately locally convex under suitable acquisition conditions. Each subproblem is then solved using a derivative-free solver, thereby avoiding an exhaustive grid search. Numerical simulations investigated the local convexity assumption and data acquisition requirements. REACT was evaluated for respiratory motion correction on in vivo free-breathing coronary MR angiography datasets. Coronary artery sharpness was quantified using unbounded image edge profile acutance (u-IEPA). Results: In numerical simulations, the objective surfaces of the subproblems were approximately locally convex when the current motion estimate was sufficiently close to the desired solution, and REACT required the data collected within each temporal segment to be sufficiently distributed across k-space. In the in vivo study, REACT yielded higher u-IEPA for both the left anterior descending artery (LAD) and the right coronary artery than did a conventional translational motion-estimation method using image-based navigators. REACT also yielded higher u-IEPA for the LAD than did a conventional autofocus nonrigid motion correction method. Conclusion: This study demonstrates the feasibility of coordinate descent for autofocus motion correction in MR imaging.

eess.IV↗

Projected Energy Matching for Generative 3D Priors

Transport-based generative models, which learn a time-dependent vector field that moves noise to data, have become a dominant paradigm. However, these models typically do not explicitly encode the data distribution. Energy-based models (EBMs) instead represent the data distribution explicitly through a scalar energy landscape, which Energy Matching learns by combining transport learning with contrastive refinement. Its transport objective, however, fits energy gradients to stochastic targets, whose variance degrades the training signal at scale. We introduce Projected Energy Matching, which learns this landscape through a more stable route: we first train a time-independent transport teacher, then freeze it and fit the negative energy gradient to its predicted velocities. This projection replaces noisy transport targets with deterministic supervision, while contrastive refinement shapes the landscape near the data manifold. On CIFAR-10, gradient-noise analysis reveals a cleaner training signal, accompanied by faster convergence than Energy Matching at matched, teacher-free training budgets. In the latent space of CT volumes, our method enables 3D CT generation and achieves better FID scores than flow models. The learned scalar potential serves as a zero-shot prior for the ill-posed inverse problem of sparse-view cone-beam CT reconstruction. By making explicit energy landscapes practical at volumetric scale, this work opens a path to wider adoption of energy-based formulations, bringing their flexibility to high-dimensional generation and inverse problems.

eess.IV↗

Computer vision enabled oxygen sensing

Luminescence-based chemical sensors are almost universally read as point detectors with the signal inverted through a single calibration model. Here we reframe optical oxygen sensing as a computer vision problem, in which the sensing film acts as a spatially heterogeneous encoder and a pretrained Temporal Vision Transformer (TViT) as its decoder. The heterogeneity in film thickness, diffusion path length and illumination translate to pixels that provide complementary information on the underlying diffusion dynamics. We achieved up to 54% lower mean absolute error (MAE) by increasing the internal diversity in performance of a pixel group; a gain that linear models cannot reproduce. Using a low-cost platform comprising a Raspberry Pi camera, a UV LED and a porous PtOEP/polystyrene film in tandem with a TViT architecture yielded an MAE of ~6.7 μmol/L, a 96% reduction from the two-site Stern-Volmer (SV) model. We showed that this framework can computationally mitigate the fundamental trade-off between mechanical robustness and temporal response in diffusion limited oxygen sensing by reducing T90 response times by 91%, while exhibiting physically plausible dynamics under a Rauch-Tung-Striebel smoother (2.3% flag rate). The framework was applied across setups, environments and biofilm states, establishing an IoT-compatible paradigm for computationally compensated diffusion-limited chemical sensing.

eess.IV↗