Active normal-fluid feedback in quantum turbulence from holography

Abstract

The two-fluid model provides a powerful phenomenological framework for superfluids, where components interact through vortex-induced mutual friction. Quantum turbulence in such coupled two-fluid systems has become a central theme in low-temperature physics. However, the fundamental incompatibility between discrete vortex-line and continuum descriptions has historically forced reliance on phenomenological parameters. Here, we present an ab initio holographic simulation of this active two-fluid dynamics. Using a fully backreacted gravitational model, we intrinsically incorporate reciprocal momentum exchange and finite-temperature dissipation without empirical inputs. Contrasting continuously driven and freely decaying turbulence, we uncover pronounced non-Gaussian tails and spatial anisotropy in the normal-fluid velocity statistics, arising directly from the dynamical quantized vortex backreaction. Raising the temperature suppresses normal-fluid velocity fluctuations despite increasing the vortex density. This suppression is unambiguously traced to the thermal depletion of the superfluid condensate. Our results establish holographic duality as a rigorous first-principles framework for quantum turbulence, revealing the active role of the normal fluid far from equilibrium and yielding predictions for ongoing cold-atom and superfluid experiments.