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arXiv · 2609.39506

Nonperturbative Dyson--Schwinger equations in QCD: a first approximation

Vladimir Dzhunushaliev·Vladimir Folomeev
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Abstract

We consider a procedure for nonperturbative quantization based on an infinite system of nonperturbative Dyson--Schwinger equations. We propose a first approximation for truncating this infinite system of equations in the static case. The main ideas underlying this approximation are as follows: (a) the two-point Green's functions of vacuum gauge fields are factorized by introducing scalar fields; (b) in the non-vacuum case, the degrees of freedom of the $SU(3)$ gauge field can be divided into ``almost classical'' and ``almost quantum'' degrees of freedom; (c) the four-point Green's functions of the gauge fields are represented as bilinear combinations of two-point Green's functions; (d) an approximation for the three-point Green's function describing the interaction between quarks and gauge fields is proposed, which leads to the splitting of the original Dirac equation for the quark-field operators into two equations, one describing the expectation value of the fermion field and the other acquiring a nonlinear term and serving to describe a condensate composed of sea quarks bound by the vacuum gauge field. We consider the choice of gauge appropriate for this approximation to nonperturbative quantization. We point out that the emergence of a nonlinear Dirac equation within this approximation may lead to a mass gap in the energy spectrum of solutions of the corresponding systems of equations. The issue of the emergence of ``dimensional transmutation'' within this approximation is also discussed. We provide arguments in favor of the statement that the ``closure constants'' appearing in the finite truncation and giving rise to ``dimensional transmutation'' should survive in the transition to the infinite system of Dyson--Schwinger equations. An analogy between nonperturbative quantization and the stochastic theory of turbulence is also discussed.

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Vladimir Dzhunushaliev, Vladimir Folomeev. 2026-09-30. Nonperturbative Dyson--Schwinger equations in QCD: a first approximation. https://arxiv.org/abs/2609.39506

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