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arXiv · 2609.39759

High velocity dust grains produced by a supernova explosion

Evgenii O. Vasiliev
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Abstract

Motivated by the discovery of a meteor with velocity more than 300~km/s (Afanasiev et al. 2007) we study how dust grains formed in the supernova (SN) ejecta at its free-expansion phase can keep their high velocity obtained from the gas, where these grains were born. Using a one-dimensional spherically symmetric Lagrangian approach we follow the dynamics of grains during the interaction of a SN ejecta with the ambient interstellar gas. We found that grains larger $\sim 0.3~μ$m can cross the SN forward shock front and reach the ambient interstellar medium. They are destroyed inefficiently, thus, their sizes remain close to the initial ones. In a diffuse interstellar gas of density $\lesssim 1$ cm$^{-3}$ grains larger as $\gtrsim 1~μ$m move with velocity around $1-2$ thousand km/s and spread over distances exceeding $\sim 40-90$ pc from the SN origin within tens of kiloyears. In dense environment the propagation of grains is significantly suppressed: even large grains do not spread over distances greater than 50% of the current SN remnant size. Grains born close to the edge of the SN ejecta core in less-massive ejecta reach greater distances. Thus, high-velocity grains are expected to be formed in this part of the ejecta with mass lower than $\sim 3~M_\odot$ of the SN remnant evolving in a diffuse gas with density $\lesssim 1$ cm$^{-3}$. We discuss possible consequences for dust transport out from galactic disks.

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Evgenii O. Vasiliev. 2026-09-30. High velocity dust grains produced by a supernova explosion. https://arxiv.org/abs/2609.39759

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